STATUS KERENTANAN NYAMUK Culex quinquefasciatus DARI BERBAGAI DAERAH TERHADAP INSEKTISIDA DALETRIN MC
(Susceptibility Status of Culex quinquefasciatus Collected from Several Areas against Insecticide of D-allethrin MC)
YEVI NURVIRLI, UPIK KESUMAWATI HADI, SUGIARTO
RINGKASAN
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan status kerentanan nyamuk Culex quinquefasciatus isolat laboratorium dan lapangan terhadap d-aletrin MC. Isolat lapangan dikumpulkan dari genangan air di daerah Bogor, Depok, dan Jakarta, sedangkan isolat laboratorium berasal dari Penang (Malaysia). Pengujian dilakukan di dalam Peet Grady Chamber (PGC). Sebanyak empat kurungan nyamuk yang berisi masing-masing 25 ekor nyamuk betina berumur 2-5 hari digantungkan pada keempat sudut PGC. D-aletrin MC yang telah dibakar diletakkan di tengah-tengah ruangan. Insektisida d-aletrin MC yang digunakan terdiri atas lima jenis konsentrasi yaitu 0.100 w/w, 0.200% w/w, 0.300% w/w, 0.400% w/w, dan 0.500% w/w. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap lima menit sekali selama dua jam hingga seluruh nyamuk mengalami kejatuhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Culex quinquefasciatus yang paling rentan terhadap d-aletrin MC berdasarkan nilai KT50 secara berturut-turut adalah isolat Laboratorium, Bogor, Dramaga, Depok, Jakarta Barat, Jakarta Timur, sedangkan berdasarkan nilai KT90 adalah isolat Bogor, Laboratorium, Depok, Dramaga, Jakarta Timur, dan Jakarta Barat. Adapun konsentrasi letal 50 (LC50) d-aletrin MC terhadap Culex quinquefasciatus dalam waktu 60 menit setelah terpapar secara berturutturut adalah isolat Laboratorium (0.14%), Dramaga (0.29%), Bogor (0.38%), Depok (0.59%), Jakarta Barat (0.70%), dan Jakarta Timur (1.54%). Rasio resistensi (RR) digunakan untuk membandingkan kepekaan suatu populasi nyamuk dengan yang lainnya terhadap suatu insektisida. Nilai RR dari setiap isolat secara berturut-turut adalah Laboratorium (1.00 kali), Dramaga (2.07 kali), Bogor (2.71 kali), Depok (4.21 kali), Jakarta Barat (5.00 kali), dan Jakarta Timur (11.00 kali).
Kata Kunci: Culex quinquefasciatus, D-aletrin, Knockdown Time 50 (KT50), Knockdown Time 90 (KT90), Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50), Rasio Resistensi (RR).
ABSTRACT
The aim of this research was to determine the susceptibility status of Culex quinquefasciatus laboratory and field isolates against d-allethrin MC. Field isolates were collected from mud ditches in Bogor, Depok, and Jakarta, whereas laboratory isolates was originated from Penang (Malaysia). The test was conducted in Peet Grady Chamber (PGC). A total of 25 females mosquitos aged 2-5 days old were put in cylindrical cage and hanged at each corner of PGC. Dalletrin MC was burned and laid in the middle of PGC. Insecticide of d-allethrin were used consisted of five concentrations i.e. 0.100% w/w, 0.200% w/w, 0.300% w/w, 0.400% w/w, and 0.500% w/w. Observation was conducted in every five minutes during two hours until all of the mosquitoes falling down. The result were analyzed to obtained the knockdown values (KT50 and KT90), and LC50. The result showed that the most susceptible of Culex quinquefasciatus against dallethrin MC based on KT50 gradually were Laboratory, Bogor, Dramaga, Depok, West Jakarta, and East Jakarta isolates, whereas based on KT90 were Bogor, Laboratory, Depok, Dramaga, East Jakarta, and West Jakarta isolates. Meanwhile, the lethal concentration (LC50) d-allethrin MC against Culex quinquefasciatus at 60 minutes post contact were Laboratory (0.14%), Dramaga (0.29%), Bogor (0.38%), Depok (0.59%), West Jakarta (0.70%), and East Jakarta isolates (1.54%), respectively. Resistence Ratio (RR) was used to compared the sensitivity of mosquito populations with the others against insecticide. RR values from every isolates were Laboratory (1.00 time), Dramaga (2.07 times), Bogor (2.71 times), Depok (4.21 times), West Jakarta (5.00 times), and East Jakarta (11.00 times).
Keywords: Culex quinquefasciatus, D-allethrin, Knockdown Time 50 (KT50), Knockdown Time 90 (KT90), Lethal Concentration (LC50), Resistence Ratio (RR).