STUDI KEANEKARAGAMAN EKTOPARASIT DIPTERA DI RESOR CITALAHAB, TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN-SALAK (TNGHS) SERTA POTENSINYA SEBAGAI VEKTOR PENYAKIT
(Study of Diversity of Dipteran Ectoparasite in Citalahab Resort, Halimun-Salak National Park (HSNP) and its Potential as Vector of Diseases)
AHMAD SYIFA SIDIK, DWI JAYANTI GUNANDINI dan SUSI SOVIANA
RINGKASAN
Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman ektoparasit khususnya ordo Diptera yang terdapat di Resor Citalahab Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun-Salak (TNGHS). Metode koleksi spesimen dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkap cahaya dan tangguk serangga. Spesimen ektoparasit diidentifikasi di laboratorium dengan menggunakan kunci identifikasi, membandingkan dengan koleksi spesimen di Laboratorium, dan melihat gambar dari buku dan internet. Ektoparasit yang telah diidentifikasi ditabulasi sesuai dengan famili dan genusnya. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh 5 famili ektoparasit Diptera yang dapat berperan sebagai vektor penyakit yaitu Culicidae, Caliphoridae, Muscidae, Ceratopogonidae, dan Tabanidae, yang terdiri atas tujuh genus yaitu Culex, Anopheles, Mansonia, Culicoides, Musca, Chrysomia, dan Haematopota. Kondisi ekologi di TNGHS sangat cocok untuk tumbuh kembang semua ektoparasit yang didapatkan. Penyakit yang berpotensi ditransmisikan antara lain malaria, japanese encephalities, filariasis, bluetongue, leukositozoonosis, miasis, dan surra.
Kata kunci: Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun-Salak, ektoparasit, Diptera.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to find out the diversity of ectoparasites especially Dipteran order that exists in the Resort Citalahab Halimun-Salak National Park (HSNP) area. The method applied to collect specimen involved light trap and sweeping net. The ectoparasite specimen were indentified by using the identification key, comparing with the specimen collection in the laboratory, and comparing with pictures from textbooks and internet sources. The identified ectoparasites were tabulated according to family and genera. The data were analyzed descriptively. From the collected ectoparasites of Dipteran order, there were five families ectoparasites which play an important role as a vector of diseases i.e. Culicidae, Ceratopogonidae, Muscidae, Calliphoridae, and Tabanidae, and consisted of seven generas i.e. Culex, Anopheles, Mansonia, Culicoides, Musca, Chrysomia and Haematopota. The ecological condition in TNGHS is suitable for ectoparasite to grow well. The diseases which could be potentially transmitted through those ectoparasites include malaria, japanese encephalities, filariasis, bluetongue, leucocytozoonosis, myiasis and surra.
Keywords: Halimun-Salak National Park, ectoparasite, Dipteran.
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